• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    control mechanism for a tool within the wellbore, actuation method of hydraulically deactivating a tool within the wellbore, and control mechanism for a tool within the wellbore. a control mechanism for an in-well tool including a mandrel having a through hole, at least one activation opening and at least one bypass opening, a first sleeve detachably mounted within the through hole in a first position and movable to a second position, the first glove having a first seat and a second glove detachably mounted within the through hole in a third position located axially above the first position and movable to a fourth position, the second glove having a second seat. a method of hydraulically activating and deactivating a tool within the wellbore, the method including placing the tool inside the well below and a control mechanism in a wellbore.
    公开号:BR112012011487B1
    申请号:R112012011487-5
    申请日:2010-11-15
    公开日:2021-07-13
    发明作者:Arturo Palacios
    申请人:Smith International, Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INVENTION Field of Invention
    [001] Modalities described here generally refer to a control mechanism for a tool within the wellbore. Specifically, the modalities described here refer to a control mechanism and method for activating or deactivating a tool within a well by falling objects, such as a falling ball, into a well. More specifically, the modalities described herein refer to a control mechanism for selectively actuating a tool within the wellbore while providing complete fluid flow through the tool into the wellbore when the tool is either activated or deactivated. Previous Technique
    [002] In oil and gas well drilling, numerous tools inside the well work by acting on specific components while being operated in a wellbore. For example, a wellbore reamer or stabilizer may include blocks or blades that can be selectively extended outward from a tool body. Specifically, when the reamer or stabilizer is in a disabled or retracted state, the tool diameter is small enough to allow the tool to pass through an existing lined well hole. In contrast, when the threader is in an actuated or expanded state, blocks or blades extend from the tool body to engage a portion of a wellbore. Thus, in the triggered position, the threader enlarges the diameter of the wellbore when the tool is rotated and lowered into the wellbore. Therefore, the wellbore can be lined with a comparatively larger diameter casing than would otherwise have been possible, thus providing more flow area for oil and gas production.
    [003] One method of driving a tool within the well is the application of a specific level of fluid pressure to hydraulic components included in (or connected to) the tool. For example, in the case of a retractor, the blocks or blades can be extended when fluid pressure is applied to hydraulic cylinders included in the tool. However, a disadvantage of this method is that no other tools within the well that are also actuated by fluid pressure (eg adjustable outriggers) can be operated without also operating the tapper. Thus, in order to use different tools actuated by fluid pressure, the drill string has to be removed from the wellbore, a first tool is removed from the string and a second tool is then attached to the drill string. The entire assembly is then placed back into the wellbore. Obviously, this procedure can be costly and time-consuming, especially if the wellbore depth is thousands of feet.
    [004] Another method of driving a tool inside the well is the use of falling objects and seats. For example, a passer may include a seat configured to receive a drop ball ball. When the ball is dropped into the well, the ball can pass through the wellbore and become seated in the seat, thereby obstructing fluid flow through an inner diameter of the seat. By obstructing fluid flow, fluid pressure can be applied to hydraulic components within the tool, thereby driving the tool. However, this approach can result in the reduction or interruption of fluid flow below the tool, which may be necessary for other drilling and/or tooling operations.
    [005] Therefore, there is a need for a drive mechanism to activate and deactivate a tool within the wellbore while allowing fluid flow below the tool. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [006] In one aspect, embodiments described herein refer to a control mechanism for a tool within the well including a mandrel having a through hole, at least one activation opening and at least one bypass opening, a first sleeve fitted with mode detachably within the through hole in a first position and movable to a second position, the first glove having a first seat, and a second glove detachably mounted within the through hole in a third position located axially above the first position and movable to a fourth position, the second glove having a second seat.
    [007] In another aspect, modalities described herein refer to a method of hydraulically activating and deactivating a tool within the well, the method including disposing the tool within the well and a control mechanism in a well, in which the control mechanism includes a mandrel, a first sleeve detachably mounted within a through hole of the mandrel and having a first seat, and a second sleeve detachably mounted within the through hole and having a second seat, wherein the mandrel includes at least one activation opening initially blocked by the first glove, dropping a first falling object of a first size into the well, seating the first falling object on the first seat, applying a first predetermined hydraulic force against the first falling object to move the first glove axially down inside the mandrel to a first stop position, where movement from the first sleeve to the first stop position opens the fur. minus one activation opening, flow a fluid through at least one activation opening to activate the tool into the well, drop a second drop object of a second size into the well, seat the second drop object in the second seat, and applying a second predetermined hydraulic force against the second falling object to move the second sleeve axially downwards within the mandrel to a second stop position, wherein movement of the second sleeve to the second stop position blocks the at least one opening activation.
    [008] In yet another aspect, the embodiments described herein refer to a control mechanism for a tool within the well including a chuck with a through hole, at least one activation opening and at least one bypass opening, a first sleeve detachably mounted within the through hole in a first position and movable to a second position, the first glove having a first seat, a second glove detachably mounted within the through hole in a third position located axially above the first position and movable to a fourth position and a third glove detachably mounted within the second glove, the third glove having a second seat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [009] Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a first state of a tool within the well in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0010] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a second state of a tool within the well in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0011] Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a third state of a tool within the well in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0012] Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a fourth state of a tool within the well in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0013] Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a fifth state of a tool within the well in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0014] Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a first state of a tool within the well according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0015] Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a second state of a tool within the well in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0016] Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a third state of a tool within the well in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0017] Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a fourth state of a tool within the well in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0018] Figure 10 shows a cross-sectional view of a fifth state of a tool within the well in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0019] Figure 11 shows a cross-sectional view of a sixth state of a tool within the well according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [0020] Figure 12 shows a cross-sectional view of a tool within the well in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [0021] Modalities described here refer to a control mechanism for a tool inside the well. Specifically, the modalities described here refer to a control mechanism for activating or deactivating a tool within the well. More specifically, the modalities described herein refer to a control mechanism for selectively activating a tool within the wellbore while providing complete fluid flow through the tool within the wellbore when the tool is either activated or deactivated.
    U.S. Patent 6,732,817, which is assigned to the present assignee, is directed to an expandable conveyor/stabilizer and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. Patent US 6,289,999, which is assigned to the present assignee, is directed to a fluid flow control device and methods for selective actuation of hydraulic drilling tools and valves and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. .
    [0023] Figures 1 to 5 represent cross-sectional views of a control mechanism for activating and deactivating a tool 500, according to an embodiment of the present description. Specifically, Figures 1 to 5 depict the components of tool 500 at multiple points in time or stages during use of tool 500.
    [0024] Figure 1 describes an initial state of the tool 500 located in a well, according to the modalities described here. As shown, tool 500 includes a chuck 100 mounted within a tool body 510. Disposed near an upper portion of chuck 100 is a piston 540 configured to slide axially within a piston chamber 520. The piston 540 and chamber piston rings 520 are described below with reference to Figure 4. Furthermore, disposed near a lower portion of the mandrel 100 is a bypass chamber 530. The bypass chamber 530 is described below with reference to Figure 3.
    [0025] Mandrel 100 includes a shoulder 110 and a through hole 120. As shown, through hole 120 allows fluid flow 600 to pass through tool 500. Mandrel 100 also includes one or more activation openings 140 disposed proximate to the upper portion of mandrel 100 and extending radially from an inner surface of the mandrel to an outer surface of the mandrel. Mandrel 100 further includes one or more deflection openings 130 disposed proximate the lower portion of mandrel 100 and extending radially from the inner surface of the mandrel to the outer surface of the mandrel. In one or more embodiments, the activation openings 140 allow fluid flow between the through hole 120 and the piston chamber 520. In addition, the bypass openings 130 allow fluid flow between the through hole 120 and the piston chamber. deviation 530.
    [0026] In one or more embodiments, a first sleeve 200 and a second sleeve 300 are disposed within the through hole 120. The first sleeve 200 is positioned axially above the second sleeve 300 and both sleeves 200, 300 are configured to slide axially inside through hole 120 when a predetermined pressure is applied from above tool 500, as will be described in more detail below. First sleeve 200 is initially coupled to mandrel 100 by a first shear device 210. First shear device 210 may be any device (or combination of devices) known in the art configured to hold first sleeve 200 in an initial position up to a first predetermined pressure is applied from above tool 500.
    [0027] The second sleeve 300 is initially coupled to the mandrel 100 by a second shear device 310 at a location axially above the first sleeve 200. The second shear device 310 can be any device configured to hold the second sleeve 300 in a position until a second predetermined pressure is applied from above the tool 500. The first shear device 210 and/or the second shear device 310 may be, for example, shear pin(s), shear ring(s) , shear screw(s) and the like.
    [0028] The first sleeve 200 includes the through hole of the first sleeve 250, a first seat 240 and one or more seals 220. The seals 220 can be any device configured to prevent or minimize fluid flow between the inner surface of the mandrel 100 and the outer surface of the first sleeve 200, for example, an O-ring. The first seat 240 is described below with reference to Figure 2.
    The second sleeve 300 includes a second sleeve through hole 350, one or more radial openings 330, a second seat 340, and one or more seals 320. The seals 320 can be any device configured to prevent or minimize fluid flow between the inner surface of mandrel 100 and the outer surface of second sleeve 300, for example, an O-ring. Second seat 340 is described below with reference to Figure 5. Radial openings 330 are described below with reference to Figure 6.
    [0030] Figure 2 represents a second state of the tool 500, according to the modalities described here. Prior to the state shown in Figure 2, an operator intending to activate tool 500 may drop a first falling object 260 into the well. The first drop object 260 travels through the well (by gravity, fluid pressure, etc.) to reach the tool 500. In one or more embodiments, the first drop object 260 is sized to be smaller than the through hole of the second sleeve 350, second seat 340, and first sleeve through hole 250 such that first drop object 260 can pass through first sleeve 200. In addition, first drop object 260 is configured to seat within first seat 240. Therefore, Figure 2 represents a second state where, once tool 500 has been reached, the first falling object 260 has passed through the second sleeve 300 and seated in the first seat 240.
    [0031] In one or more embodiments, the first seat 240 is axially aligned with the through hole of the first sleeve 250 and is configured to receive the first drop object 260. In particular, the first drop object 260 may be configured to seat inside the first seat 240 so as to prevent fluid flow through the through hole of the first sleeve 250. For example, in one embodiment, the first seat 240 may be a circular opening and the first falling object 260 may be a ball of a drop ball having a predefined diameter sized to be received within the first seat 240. Alternatively, the first drop object 260 can be any type of object configured to be received within the first seat 240 (e.g., a dart, a spike, and similar).
    [0032] In one or more embodiments, the first seat 240 may be replaceable and may be detachably coupled to the first sleeve 200 by any method known in the art. For example, the first seat 240 may be a separate sleeve having a seat and disposed within the first sleeve 200, e.g., a threaded connection, snap fit, etc. Thus, the first seat 240 can be replaced to accommodate the use of a first drop object 260 of various sizes and/or configurations.
    [0033] Once the first falling object 260 has seated on the first seat 240, fluid flow 600 through tool 500 is blocked. Therefore, hydraulic pressure is applied against the first falling object 260, resulting in a downward force on the first sleeve 200. For example, a surface pump (not shown) can pressurize the fluid above tool 500, thereby applying a hydraulic pressure determined on the first falling object 260.
    [0034] As discussed above, the first shear device 210 is configured to hold the first sleeve 200 in a first position until a predetermined first pressure from above is reached. Therefore, when the hydraulic pressure in the first sleeve 200 reaches the predetermined first pressure, the first shear device 210 shears or breaks and releases the first sleeve 200. Once released, the first sleeve 200 is pushed axially under the through hole 120 by hydraulic pressure to a second position, as described below with reference to Figure 3.
    [0035] Figure 3 represents a third state of the tool 500, according to the modalities described here. Specifically, Figure 3 depicts a third state in which the first sleeve 200 has been moved under the through hole 120 by hydraulic pressure to a first stop position 710. In one or more embodiments, the first stop position 710 may be a location inside the mandrel 100 where the first sleeve 200 contacts the shoulder 110.
    [0036] As shown in Figure 3, when located in the first stop position 710, the first sleeve 200 no longer blocks the bypass openings 130. Therefore, fluid flow 620 can pass from the through hole 120 to the bypass chamber 530. In one or more embodiments, fluid flow 620 may pass to bypass chamber 530 and then continue into the well.
    [0037] Furthermore, when located in the first stop position 710, the first sleeve 200 no longer blocks the activation openings 140. Therefore, the fluid flow 610 can pass from the through hole 120 to the piston chamber 520. In one or more embodiments, fluid flow 610 entering piston chamber 520 can exert hydraulic pressure against piston 540, thereby pushing piston 540 through piston chamber 520 to an actuation position 730. In one or more In embodiments, movement of piston 540 to activation position 730 actuates component(s) (not shown) of tool 500, or actuates another tool inside the well (not shown) coupled to tool 500. For example, in In an embodiment where tool 500 is a retractor or stabilizer, movement of piston 540 to activation position 730 can cause reamer arms and/or stabilizer blades (not shown) to extend radially from tool 500.
    [0038] Figure 4 represents a fourth state of the tool 500, according to the modalities described here. To deactivate tool 500, a second 360 drop object can be dropped into the well. The second drop object 360 travels through the well (by gravity, fluid pressure, etc.) to reach tool 500. In one or more embodiments, the second drop object 360 is configured to pass to the through hole of the through hole of the second sleeve 350 and to seat in the second seat 340. Therefore, Figure 5 represents the state in which, upon reaching the tool 500, the second drop object 360 passed into the through hole of the through hole of the second sleeve 350 and seated in the second seat 340.
    [0039] In one or more embodiments, the second seat 340 is axially aligned with the through hole of the second sleeve 350, and is configured to receive the second drop object 360. In particular, the second drop object 360 may be configured to seating within the second seat 340 so as to prevent fluid flow through the through hole of the second sleeve 350. For example, in one embodiment, the second seat 340 may be a circular opening, and the second drop object 360 may be a drop ball having a predetermined diameter sized to be received within the second seat 340 (i.e., the diameter of the second drop ball is greater than the circular opening). In addition, the first seat 240 can also be a circular opening and the first drop object 260 can be a drop ball having a predetermined diameter sized to be received within the first seat 240 (i.e., the diameter of the first drop ball is larger than the circular aperture). Note that the diameter of the second seat 340 is larger than the diameter of the first seat 240, such that the first drop object 260 can pass through the second sleeve 200, but the second drop object 360 is restricted by the second glove 200. Alternatively, the first dropping object 260 and the second dropping object 360 can be any type of object configured to be received within the second seat 340 (e.g., a dart, a spike, and the like).
    [0040] In one or more embodiments, the second seat 340 may be replaceable and may be detachably coupled to the second glove 300 by any method known in the art. For example, second seat 340 may be a separate sleeve having a seat and disposed within second sleeve 300, e.g., a threaded connection, snap fit, etc. Thus, the second seat 340 can be replaced to accommodate the use of a second drop object 360 of various sizes and/or configurations.
    [0041] Once the second drop object 360 is seated within the second seat 340, fluid flow 600 (shown in Figure 1) through tool 500 is again blocked. Therefore, hydraulic pressure is applied against the second drop object 360, resulting in a downward force on the second sleeve 300. For example, a surface pump (not shown) can pressurize the fluid above tool 500, thereby applying a given hydraulic pressure on the second drop object 360.
    [0042] As discussed above, the second shear device 310 is configured to hold the second sleeve 300 in a first position until a second predetermined pressure from above is reached. Therefore, when the hydraulic pressure on the second falling object 360 reaches the predetermined second pressure, the second shear device 310 shears or breaks and releases the second sleeve 300. Once released, the second sleeve 300 is pushed axially under the bore. through 120 by hydraulic pressure to a second position, as described below with reference to Figure 5. In this embodiment, the first predetermined pressure is less than the second predetermined pressure. However, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the first predetermined pressure can be greater than the second predetermined pressure or equal to the second predetermined pressure.
    [0043] Figure 5 represents a fifth state of the tool 500, according to the modalities described here. Specifically, Figure 5 represents a fifth state in which the second sleeve 300 has been moved under the through hole 120 by hydraulic pressure to a second stop position 720. In one or more embodiments, the second stop position 720 may be the location inside the mandrel 100 where the second sleeve 300 makes sliding contact with the first sleeve 200.
    [0044] As shown in Figure 5, when located in the second stop position 720, the second sleeve 300 blocks the activation openings 140. Therefore, fluid no longer flows from the through hole 120 to the piston chamber 520, and the piston 540 is therefore no longer actuated or pushed onto piston chamber 520. In one or more embodiments, a deflection element (e.g., a deflection spring) (not shown) may exert a downward force on piston 540, thereby moving piston 540 to a deactivation position 740. In other embodiments, a pressure differential created by closing the activation openings 140 can cause the piston 540 to return to the deactivation position 740. Movement of the piston 540 to the deactivation position deactivation 740 deactivates the components of tool 500, or deactivates another tool inside the well (not shown), coupled to tool 500. piston 540 to the off position 740 may cause reamer arms and/or stabilizer blades (not shown) to retract into tool 500.
    [0045] Furthermore, when located in the second stop position 720, radial openings 330 of the second sleeve 300 align with the bypass openings 130. Therefore, fluid flow 620 may continue to pass from through hole 120 to the chamber. bypass 530 and continue into the well.
    [0046] Figures 6 to 11 represent cross-sectional views of a control mechanism for activating and deactivating a tool 505, according to another embodiment of the present description. Specifically, Figures 6 through 11 describe the components of tool 505 at multi-stage time according to an embodiment.
    [0047] Figure 6 represents an initial state of the tool 505 located in a well, according to the modalities described here. Many components of tool 505 shown in Figure 6 are the same as the components of tool 500 shown in Figures 1 through 5, and these components maintain the same reference numbers. Specifically, tool 505 also includes a chuck 100, a piston 540, a piston chamber 520, and a deflection chamber 530. The chuck 100 includes a shoulder 110, a through hole 120, one or more activation openings 140, and one or more deflection openings 130. Mandrel 100 also includes a first sleeve 200 and a second sleeve 300. First sleeve 200 is initially coupled to mandrel 100 by a first shear device 210. First sleeve 200 includes a through hole from the first sleeve 250, a first seat 240, and one or more seals 220. The second sleeve 300 is initially coupled to the mandrel 100 by a second shear device 310 at a location axially above the first sleeve 200. The second sleeve 300 includes a through hole of the second sleeve 350, one or more radial openings 330, and one or more seals 320.
    [0048] In the embodiment shown, tool 505 further includes a third sleeve 400 disposed within the through hole of the second sleeve 350. The third sleeve 400 includes a through hole of the third sleeve 450, and is configured to slide axially within the through hole of the second sleeve 350 when a predetermined pressure is applied from above tool 505. Third sleeve 400 is initially coupled to the inner surface of second sleeve 300 by a third shear device 410. Third shear device 410 can be any device (or combination of devices) configured to hold the third sleeve 400 in a starting position within the through hole of the second sleeve 350 until a predetermined third pressure is applied from above the tool 505. The starting position of the third sleeve 400 is such that the radial openings 330 of the second sleeve 300 are blocked by third sleeve 400.
    [0049] As shown in Figure 6, the first glove 200 includes a cavity 270 configured to receive the third glove 400 after it has passed through the through hole of the second glove 350. The cavity 270 is disposed near the upper portion of the second glove 200 , and is axially aligned with the through hole of the third sleeve 450. In one or more embodiments, the first sleeve 200 can include a lower shoulder 260 configured to stop axial movement of the third sleeve 400. As shown, the second seat 340 is disposed in the third glove 400.
    [0050] Figure 7 represents a second state of the tool 505, according to the modalities described here. To activate tool 505, the first falling object 260 is dropped into the well. The first drop object 260 travels through the well (by gravity, fluid pressure, etc.) to reach the tool 505. In this modality, the first drop object 260 is sized to be smaller than the through hole of the second sleeve 350, the third sleeve through hole 450, the second seat 340, the cavity 270, and the first sleeve through hole 250. In addition, the first drop object 260 is configured to rest on or seal against the first seat 240. Figure 7 represents the state in which, upon reaching the tool 505, the first falling object 260 has completely passed through the second sleeve 300 and the third sleeve 400, and seated in the first seat 240.
    [0051] Once the first falling object 260 is seated on the first seat 240, fluid flow 600 through tool 505 is blocked. Hydraulic pressure is then applied against the first falling object 260, resulting in a downward force on the first sleeve 200. When the hydraulic pressure in the first sleeve 200 reaches the first preset pressure, the first shear device 210 shears or breaks. and releases first sleeve 200. Once released, first sleeve 200 is pushed axially under through hole 120 by hydraulic pressure to a second location, as described below with reference to Figure 8.
    [0052] Figure 8 represents a third state of the tool 505, according to the modalities described here. Specifically, Figure 8 represents a third state in which the first sleeve 200 has moved through the through hole 120 to the first stop position 710. At the first stop position 710, the first sleeve 200 no longer blocks the bypass openings 130. By Therefore, fluid flow 620 may pass from through hole 120 to bypass chamber 530. In one or more embodiments, fluid flow 620 may pass to bypass chamber 530 and then continue into the well.
    [0053] Furthermore, when located at the first stop position 710, the first sleeve 200 no longer blocks the activation openings 140. Therefore, the fluid flow 610 can pass from the through hole 120 to the piston chamber 520. In one or more embodiments, fluid flow 610 entering piston chamber 520 can exert hydraulic pressure against piston 540, thereby pushing piston 540 through piston chamber 520 to an actuation position 730. In one or more In these embodiments, movement of piston 540 to activation position 730 actuates component(s) (not shown) of tool 505, or actuates another tool within the well (not shown) coupled to tool 505. In an embodiment where tool 505 is a retractor or stabilizer, movement of piston 540 to activation position 730 can cause reamer arms and/or stabilizer blades (not shown) to extend radially from tool 505.
    [0054] Figure 9 represents a fourth state of the tool 505, according to the modalities described here. To deactivate tool 505, a second 360 drop object can be dropped into the well. The second drop object 360 travels through the well (by gravity, fluid pressure, etc.) to reach tool 505. In one or more embodiments, the second drop object 360 is configured to enter the through hole of the second sleeve 350 and to seat on the second seat 340. Therefore, Figure 9 represents the state in which, upon reaching the tool 505, the second falling object 360 has settled on the second seat 340.
    [0055] Once the second drop object 360 is seated on the second seat 340, fluid flow 600 through tool 500 is again blocked. Hydraulic pressure is then applied against the second falling object 360, resulting in a downward force on the third sleeve 400. In addition, because the third sleeve 400 is coupled to the second sleeve 300 by the third shear device 410, the pressure hydraulic is also applied to the second sleeve 300. As discussed above with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the second shear device 310 is configured to keep the second sleeve 300 coupled to the mandrel 100 until a second predetermined pressure is applied from above. Furthermore, as discussed above with reference to Figure 7, third shear device 410 is configured to hold third sleeve 400 coupled to second sleeve 300 until a predetermined third pressure is applied from above.
    [0056] In this embodiment, the second shear device 310 is configured to break or shear before the third shear device 410 (i.e., the second predetermined pressure is less than the third predetermined pressure). Therefore, when the hydraulic pressure is increased, the hydraulic pressure reaches the predetermined second pressure first, at which time the second shear device 310 releases the second sleeve 300. Once released, the second sleeve 300 (and the third sleeve 400 engaged therein) is pushed axially under the through hole 120 by hydraulic pressure to a second position, as described below with reference to Figure 10.
    [0057] Figure 10 represents a fifth state of the tool 505, according to the modalities described here. Specifically, Figure 10 represents a fifth state in which, after the second predetermined pressure has been reached, the second sleeve 300 has moved through the through hole 120 by hydraulic pressure to a second stop position 720. In one or more embodiments, the second stop position 720 may be the location within the through hole 120 where the second sleeve 300 contacts the first sleeve 200. Note that because the hydraulic pressure has not yet reached the third preset pressure, sleeve 300 remains attached to the third glove 400.
    [0058] As shown in Figure 10, when located in the second stop position 720, the second sleeve 300 blocks the activation openings 140. Thus, fluid no longer flows from the through hole 120 to the piston chamber 520. piston 540 returns to deactivation position 740, thereby deactivating components (not shown) of tool 505, or deactivating another tool within the well (not shown) coupled to tool 505. Also, when located in the second stop position 720, the radial openings 330 of the second sleeve 300 align with the bypass openings 130. However, the radial openings 330 are blocked by the third sleeve 400. Thus, fluid can no longer flow into the bypass chamber 530.
    [0059] Note that when the second sleeve 300 moves from an initial position (shown in Figure 9) to the second stop position 720 (shown in Figure 10), the second sleeve 300 temporarily moves to a position (not shown ) where the radial openings 330 come into alignment with the activation openings 140. While the second sleeve 300 is in such a position, any fluid flow that passes through the radial openings 330 and the activation openings 140 to the piston chamber 520 could reduce the hydraulic pressure acting on the second sleeve 300, thereby causing the second sleeve 300 to stop moving before reaching the second stop position 720. However, in this mode, the third sleeve 400 blocks any fluid flow from passing through through the radial openings 330 when they are in alignment with the activation openings 140. Therefore, the use of the third sleeve 400 can advantageously prevent the second sleeve 300 from stopping before reaching the second stop position 720.
    [0060] Figure 11 represents a sixth state of the tool 505, according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, Figure 11 depicts a sixth state in which the hydraulic pressure on the second drop object 360 has increased until it reaches the third preset pressure, at which time the third shear device 410 shears or breaks and releases the third sleeve 400. Once released , the third sleeve 400 is pushed axially downward through the through hole of the second sleeve 350 and into the cavity 270 by hydraulic pressure. As shown in Figure 11, when pushed into cavity 270, third sleeve 400 no longer blocks radial openings 330. Therefore, fluid can again enter bypass chamber 530, but not piston chamber 520.
    [0061] A method of enabling and disabling a tool within the well in accordance with modalities described herein is now discussed with reference to Figure 12. The method includes arranging a tool within the well 10 and a control mechanism in a well 12 As shown in Figure 12, the control mechanism includes a mandrel 44, a first sleeve 66 detachably mounted within a through hole 30 of the mandrel 44 and including a first seat 70. The control mechanism also includes a second sleeve 90 detachably mounted within the through hole 30 and including a second seat 96. The mandrel 44 includes at least one activation opening 55 initially blocked by the first sleeve 66. The method includes dropping a first falling object (not shown) of a first size in the well 12 and seating the first falling object in the first seat 70. The method also includes applying a predetermined first hydraulic force against the first falling object to move the first sleeve 66 axially downwards within the mandrel 44 to a first stop position. Movement of the first sleeve to the first stop position opens at least one activation opening 55. Fluid flows through the at least one activation opening 55 activates the tool within well 10. Specifically, in one or more embodiments, the fluid passes through activation opening 55 into a piston chamber 61 and displaces a piston 60, thereby driving the tool into the well 10. The method also includes dropping a second falling object (not shown) of a second size into the well. 12 and seat the second drop object on the second seat 96. A second predetermined hydraulic force is applied against the second drop object to move the second sleeve 90 axially downwardly within the mandrel 44 to a second stop position. Movement of the second sleeve 90 to the second stop position locks the at least one activation opening 55, thus deactivating the tool within the well 10. Radial openings of the second sleeve align with the bypass openings in the tool to allow flow of fluid around the locked glove seats.
    [0062] Advantageously, modalities described here provide a control mechanism and a method to selectively activate and deactivate a tool within the well on demand. Specifically, the tool inside the well can be activated by dropping a first falling object into a well and can be deactivated by dropping a second falling object into the well. In addition, the modalities described here provide for complete fluid flow through the tool into the wellbore when the tool is activated or deactivated.
    [0063] Although the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit from this disclosure, will appreciate that other embodiments may be devised that do not depart from the scope of the invention as disclosed herein. Therefore, the scope of the invention is to be limited only by the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [0001]
    1. Control mechanism for a tool inside the well (500), characterized by comprising: a mandrel (100) comprising a through hole (120), at least one activation opening (140) and at least one bypass opening (130 ); a first sleeve (200) detachably mounted to the mandrel (100) and configured to slide axially within the through hole (120) from a first position to a second position (710), the first sleeve (200) comprising a first seat ( 240); a second sleeve (300) detachably mounted to the mandrel (100) and configured to slide axially within the through hole (120) from a third position located axially above the first position to a fourth position (720), the second sleeve (300 ) including a second seat (340); a piston chamber (520) disposed proximal to and extending radially from the upper portion of the mandrel (100); and a piston (540) disposed in the piston chamber (520), wherein the piston (540) is movable by hydraulic force to drive the tool within the well (500).
    [0002]
    2. Control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the first sleeve (200) in the first position blocks the at least one activation opening (140) and the at least one bypass opening (130) and wherein the first sleeve (200) in the second position (710) opens to the at least one activation opening (140) and the at least one bypass opening (130).
    [0003]
    3. Control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the second sleeve (300) in the fourth position (720) blocks the at least one activation opening (140) without blocking the at least one bypass opening (130).
    [0004]
    4. Control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the first seat (240) has a first diameter and the second seat (340) has a second diameter.
    [0005]
    5. Control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the first seat (240) is configured to receive a first falling object (260) and the second (340) seat is configured to receive a second object of fall (360).
    [0006]
    6. Control mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the first (260) and second (360) falling objects comprise one of a sphere and a dart.
    [0007]
    7. Control mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the first sleeve (200) is detachably mounted to the mandrel (100) with a first shear device (210), the first shear device ( 210) set to break when a predetermined first pressure is applied to the first falling object (260).
    [0008]
    8. Control mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that the second sleeve (300) is detachably mounted to the mandrel (100) with a second shear device (310), the second shear device ( 310) set to break when a second predetermined pressure is applied to the second falling object (360).
    [0009]
    9. Control mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that the first (210) and second (310) shear devices comprise one selected from a group consisting of a shear pin, a shear ring , a shear bolt and a shear bolt.
    [0010]
    10. Control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one activation opening (140) passes through a side wall of the mandrel (100) to allow communication between the through hole (120) and the piston chamber (520).
    [0011]
    11. Control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one bypass opening (130) is located axially below the at least one activation opening (140).
    [0012]
    The control mechanism of claim 1, further comprising: a third glove (400) disposed within the second glove (300) and detachably mounted to the second glove (300).
    [0013]
    13. Method of hydraulically activating and deactivating a tool inside the well (500), the method characterized by comprising: placing the tool inside the well (500) and a control mechanism in a well, in which the control mechanism comprises a chuck (100), a first sleeve (200) detachably mounted to the mandrel (100) and configured to slide axially within a through hole (120) of the mandrel (100) and comprising a first seat (240), and a second sleeve. (300) detachably mounted to the mandrel (100) and configured to slide axially within the through hole (120) and comprising a second seat (340), wherein the mandrel (100) comprises at least one activation opening (140) initially blocked by the first sleeve (200), and wherein the mandrel (100) further includes at least one bypass opening (130); throwing a first falling object (260) of a first size into the pit; seating the first falling object (260) on the first seat (240); apply a predetermined first hydraulic force against the first falling object (260) to move the first sleeve (200) axially downwards within the mandrel (100) to a first stop position (710), in which movement of the first sleeve ( 200) to the first stop position (710) opens the at least one activation opening (140); flowing a fluid (600) through the at least one activation opening (140) to actuate the tool into the well (500); throwing a second falling object (360) of a second size into the pit; seating the second drop object (360) on the second seat (340); and applying a second predetermined hydraulic force against the second falling object (360) to move the second sleeve (300) axially downwards within the mandrel (100) to a second stop position (720), in which the movement of the second sleeve (300) to the second stop position (720) locks the at least one activation opening (140).
    [0014]
    14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the movement of the first sleeve (200) to the first stop position (710) opens the at least one bypass opening (130).
    [0015]
    15. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the second glove (300) comprises at least one side opening.
    [0016]
    16. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the movement of the second sleeve (300) to the second stop position (720) aligns the at least one side opening (330) with the at least one opening of deviation (130).
    [0017]
    17. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the movement of the first sleeve (200) to the first stop position (710) comprises shearing a first shear device (210).
    [0018]
    18. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the movement of the second sleeve (300) to the second stop position (720) comprises shearing a second shear device (310).
    [0019]
    19. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the tool inside the well (500) is a reamer.
    [0020]
    20. Control mechanism for an in-well tool (500) characterized by comprising: a chuck (100) comprising a through hole (120), at least one activation opening (140) and at least one bypass opening (130) ; a first sleeve (200) detachably mounted to the mandrel (100) and configured to slide axially within the through hole (120) from a first position to a second position (710), the first sleeve (200) comprising a first seat ( 240); a second sleeve (300) detachably mounted to the mandrel (100) and configured to slide axially into the through hole (120) from a third position located axially above the first position and movable to a fourth position (720); and a third sleeve (400) detachably mounted to the second sleeve (300) and configured to slide axially within the second sleeve (300), the third sleeve (400) including a second seat (340).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EA026468B1|2017-04-28|
    GB2488471A|2012-08-29|
    GB201209432D0|2012-07-11|
    US8555983B2|2013-10-15|
    WO2011060358A3|2011-08-04|
    WO2011060358A2|2011-05-19|
    NO20120605A1|2012-06-05|
    BR112012011487A2|2020-08-25|
    GB2488471B|2015-09-16|
    US20110114334A1|2011-05-19|
    EA201290343A1|2013-05-30|
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    法律状态:
    2020-09-01| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-02| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-05-04| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-07-13| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 15/11/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. PATENTE CONCEDIDA CONFORME ADI 5.529/DF, QUE DETERMINA A ALTERACAO DO PRAZO DE CONCESSAO. |
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